A blood pressure reading of 238/134 is extremely high and constitutes a hypertensive crisis, also known as a hypertensive emergency. This is a serious medical condition requiring immediate attention. It's crucial to understand what this reading means and what steps to take.
Deciphering the Numbers: Systolic and Diastolic Pressure
Blood pressure is measured in two numbers:
- Systolic Pressure (the top number): This measures the pressure in your arteries when your heart beats. A reading of 238 is significantly above the normal range.
- Diastolic Pressure (the bottom number): This measures the pressure in your arteries when your heart rests between beats. A reading of 134 is also dangerously high.
A normal blood pressure reading is generally considered to be below 120/80 mmHg. Readings consistently above 140/90 mmHg indicate hypertension, while readings like 238/134 indicate a life-threatening hypertensive crisis.
What Causes Such High Blood Pressure?
Several factors can contribute to a hypertensive crisis. These can include:
- Underlying medical conditions: Kidney disease, adrenal gland tumors (pheochromocytoma), and obstructive sleep apnea can all contribute to extremely high blood pressure.
- Medication side effects: Certain medications can elevate blood pressure as a side effect.
- Pre-existing hypertension: Uncontrolled or poorly managed hypertension can lead to a crisis.
- Stress and anxiety: While stress doesn't directly cause high blood pressure, it can significantly exacerbate existing conditions and trigger a crisis.
- Substance abuse: Excessive alcohol consumption and use of illicit drugs can contribute to dangerously high blood pressure.
The Dangers of Untreated Hypertensive Crisis
A hypertensive crisis can lead to serious, life-threatening complications, including:
- Stroke: The high pressure can damage blood vessels in the brain, leading to a stroke.
- Heart attack: High blood pressure strains the heart, increasing the risk of a heart attack.
- Aortic dissection: The high pressure can cause a tear in the aorta, the main artery carrying blood from the heart. This is a life-threatening condition.
- Kidney failure: Sustained high blood pressure can damage the kidneys.
- Blindness: High blood pressure can damage the blood vessels in the eyes.
What to Do if You Have a Blood Pressure Reading of 238/134
Do not delay seeking immediate medical attention. Call emergency services (911 in the US) or go to the nearest emergency room. This is a medical emergency.
While waiting for medical help:
- Rest: Avoid strenuous activity.
- Monitor your symptoms: Pay attention to any changes in your condition, such as chest pain, shortness of breath, or severe headache.
Long-Term Management of Hypertension
If you have high blood pressure, it's crucial to work with your doctor to develop a comprehensive management plan. This may include lifestyle modifications (diet, exercise, stress reduction) and medication to control your blood pressure. Regular monitoring is essential to prevent future hypertensive crises.
Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare professional for any concerns about your health. This article is not a substitute for professional medical care. The information provided here is intended to promote understanding and should not be interpreted as a recommendation for self-treatment. Immediate medical attention is vital for a blood pressure reading of 238/134.
