The question of whether Japanese cherries are safe to eat is a bit more nuanced than a simple yes or no. The answer hinges on understanding the difference between the many varieties of Prunus serrulata, the species commonly known as Japanese cherry, or sakura. While many associate Japanese cherries with their breathtaking blossoms, not all varieties produce fruit that's palatable, let alone safe for consumption.
The Difference Between Ornamental and Edible Japanese Cherries
The vast majority of Japanese cherry trees planted for their stunning floral displays are ornamental varieties. These are cultivated primarily for their aesthetic appeal, with their blossoms being the star of the show. The fruit these trees produce is often small, bitter, and astringent – not exactly a culinary delight. Eating large quantities of these fruits might even cause mild digestive upset.
Conversely, there are edible varieties of Prunus serrulata that produce cherries suitable for consumption. However, these are less common and are not often the types planted in parks or along streets for their blossoms. These edible cultivars are usually selected for their fruit quality, prioritizing sweetness and size. They are often used for making jams, preserves, and other cherry-based products.
Key Distinguishing Factors:
- Fruit Size and Appearance: Edible cherries are generally larger and more plump than those found on ornamental varieties. Ornamental cherry fruits are typically small and often shriveled or wrinkled.
- Taste: The taste is the most obvious differentiator. Edible cherries are sweet or tart-sweet, while ornamental varieties are usually bitter and astringent.
- Intended Purpose: Ornamental trees are explicitly cultivated for their flowers, while edible varieties prioritize fruit production.
Identifying Edible Japanese Cherries
Unfortunately, there isn't a foolproof way to identify an edible Japanese cherry tree just by looking at it. The differences between edible and ornamental varieties are not always visually apparent. Relying solely on visual cues to determine edibility can be risky.
If you are unsure whether a Japanese cherry tree produces safe fruit, err on the side of caution and do not consume it.
Where to Find Safe Japanese Cherries
If you're interested in enjoying the taste of Japanese cherries, your best bet is to:
- Purchase them commercially: Look for Japanese cherries at farmers' markets, specialty food stores, or online retailers that specialize in unique fruits. These cherries will have been properly cultivated and vetted for safe consumption.
- Source from reputable growers: If you're considering growing your own, seek out nurseries that specifically sell edible varieties of Prunus serrulata.
Conclusion
While the beauty of Japanese cherry blossoms is undeniable, it's crucial to remember that not all varieties produce safe, edible fruit. Always prioritize safety and only consume Japanese cherries that have been explicitly identified as edible from reliable sources. Enjoy the stunning flowers, but leave the foraging to the experts when it comes to the fruits!
